La dialectique naturaliste et politique de Lao-tseu exposée en 81 textes poétiques et obscurs. Tr. Julien (fr), Waley (en), Wilhelm (de) et Lau (en).
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Section De – Chapitre LXXX
(Si je gouvernais) un petit royaume et un peuple peu nombreux, n'eût-il des armes que pour dix ou cent hommes, je l'empêcherais de s'en servir.
J'apprendrais au peuple à craindre la mort et à ne pas émigrer au loin.
Quand il aurait des bateaux et des chars, il n'y monterait pas.
Quand il aurait des cuirasses et des lances, il ne les porterait pas.
Je le ferais revenir à l'usage des cordelettes nouées53.
Il savourerait sa nourriture, il trouverait de l'élégance dans ses vêtements, il se plairait dans sa demeure, il aimerait ses simples usages.
Si un autre royaume se trouvait en face du mien, et que les cris des coqs et des chiens s'entendissent de l'un à l'autre, mon peuple arriverait à la vieillesse et à la mort sans avoir visité le peuple voisin.
Julien 80
Given a small country with few inhabitants, he could bring it about that through there should be among the people contrivances requiring ten times, a hundred times less labour, they would not use them. He could bring it about that the people would be ready to lay down their lives and lay them down again in defence of their homes, rather than emigrate. There might still be boats and carriage, but no one would go in them; there might still be weapons of war but no one would drill with them. He could bring it about that “the people should have no use for any from of writing save knotted ropes, should be contented with their food, pleased with their clothing, satisfied with their homes, should take pleasure in their rustic tasks. The next place might be so near at hand that one could one could hear the cocks crowing in it, the dogs barking; but the people would grow old and die without ever having been there”.
Waley 80
理想的国家是:国土很小, 人民很少。没有冲突和纠纷, 纵使拥有兵器也用不着。没有苛刑暴政, 人民不需要冒着生命危险迁移远方。
虽有船只车辆, 也没有机会乘坐。虽有盔甲也没有机会去展示。
使人民回到结绳记事。
人人恬淡寡欲, 吃得虽是粗食, 但觉得很甘美; 穿得虽是破衣, 但觉得很漂亮; 住得虽是陋室, 但觉得很安逸; 风俗虽是俭朴, 但觉得很快乐。
与邻国之间彼此能听到对方的狗吠鸡叫, 但人民从生到死都不相往来。
白话翻译
Ein Land mag klein sein
und seine Bewohner wenig.
Geräte, die der Menschen Kraft vervielfältigen,
lasse man nicht gebrauchen.
Man lasse das Volk den Tod wichtig nehmen
und nicht in die Ferne reisen.
Ob auch Schiffe und Wagen vorhanden wären,
sei niemand, der darin fahre.
Ob auch Panzer und Waffen da wären,
sei niemand, der sie entfalte.
Man lasse das Volk wieder Stricke knoten
und sie gebrauchen statt der Schrift.
Mach süß seine Speise
und schön seine Kleidung,
friedlich seine Wohnung
und fröhlich seine Sitten.
Nachbarländer mögen in Sehweite liegen,
daß man den Ruf der Hähne und Hunde
gegenseitig hören kann:
und doch sollen die Leute im höchsten Alter sterben,
ohne hin und her gereist zu sein.
Wilhelm 80
Reduce the size of the population and the state.
Ensure that even though the people have tools of war for a troop ora battalion they will not use them;
And also that they will be reluctant to move to distant places becausethey look on death as no light matter.
Even when they have ships and carts, they will have no use for them;
And even when they have armor and weapons, they will have no occasionto make a show of them.
Bring it about that the people will return to the use of the knottedrope,
Will find relish in their food
And beauty in their clothes,
Will be content in their abode
And happy in the way they live.
Though adjoining states are within sight of one another,
And the sound of dogs barking and cocks crowing in one state can beheard in another,
yet the people of one state will grow old and die without having hadany dealings with those of another.
Lau 80
De la Voie et de la Vertu – Dao De Jing II. 80. – Chinois off/on – Français/English
Alias Daode Jing, Dao De Jing, Tao Te Ching, Tao Teh Ching, le Tao-tö-king, Lao-Tzu Te-Tao Ching, the Laozi, Lao Zi, the Lao Tze, le Lao-tseu, The Book of the Way and its Virtue, the Way and its Power.
Le Canon des Poèmes, Les Entretiens, La Grande Étude, Le Juste Milieu, Les Trois Caractères, Le Livre des Mutations, De la Voie et la Vertu, 300 poèmes Tang, L'Art de la guerre, Trente-six stratagèmes
Bienvenue, aide, notes, introduction, table.
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